Jakarta Indonesia
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Jakarta Indonesia
Jakarta Indonesia located in the northwestern part of Java Island, the Special Capital Region (DKI) Jakarta is the capital of the province and Indonesia’s busiest. This megapolitan city provides everything for the tourists, ranging from cheap hotels to five stars, natural history tours, culinary, shopping sensations to branded products in shopping centers.
With the motto “Enjoy Jakarta“, Jakarta also has a variety of restaurants to taste the countries in the world, from America, Europe, France, China, Japan, to Vietnam. Various recreational and tourist attraction can be visited such as the National Monument (Monas), Garden Star Ragunan, Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, Taman Impian Jaya Ancol and much more. For nightlife lovers, also available various kinds of night clubs can be visited every night.
So also with networks coffee shops and boutiques abroad. Starbucks, Dome, Ranch Market, to Debenhams, Prada, and even Massimo Dutti, has been present in Jakarta.
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Administratively, the area of Jakarta Indonesia, covering 740 square kilometers and is inhabited by 8.8 million includes the Thousand Islands (Pulau Seribu Resort). The town formerly known as Sunda Kelapa (397-1527), Jayakarta (1527-1619), Batavia (1619-1942), and Djakarta (1942-1972) has a tropical climate. Rainy season in this urban area occurred in January with an average rainfall of 350 mm.
As an economic center and seat of government, there are a number of vital buildings in Jakarta, such as the Istana Negara and Istana Merdeka, Indonesia Stock Exchange, Bank Indonesia, the ministry buildings, to offices and agencies of foreign companies, like Microsoft, the World Bank, United Nations, and others. DKI Jakarta Province consists of five municipalities, 44 districts, and 267 village / village.
History Of Jakarta Indonesia
Jakarta originally known as Sunda Kelapa, the famous port in the Archipelago. The ships of foreign countries who came from India, Japan, China, every day passing by. Buying and selling porcelain, coffee, pepper, wine, spices, until the other commodities, there has been non-stop.
Portuguese is the nation which first arrived in Jakarta, which is in the 16th century. By the 17th century, Vereenigde East India Company (VOC) or Dutch trade partnerships, arrived in Banten, exactly the year 1596. Not a long time, the Company managed to colonize Indonesia. Not only colonize, the VOC also build infrastructure Jakarta, a legacy that can still be seen today.
In 1942 Indonesia invaded by Japan, which changed the name of Batavia to Jakarta. Then, the defeat of Japan in World War II has encouraged young people to proclaim Indonesia’s independence on August 17, 1945 in Jakarta.
Sunda Kelapa (397-1527)
Jakarta was first known as one of the port of Sunda Kingdom called Sunda Kelapa, located at the mouth of Ciliwung River. The capital of Sunda Kingdom, known as Pakuan Dayeuh Pajajaran or Pajajaran (now Bogor) can be taken from the port of Sunda Kalapa a two-day trip. According to Portuguese sources, Sundanese Kalapa is one owned port other than port of Sunda Kingdom of Banten, helter, Cigede, Tamgara and Cimanuk. Sunda Kalapa that in this text called Kalapa considered the most important ports because it can be taken from the royal capital called by the name Dayo (in modern Sundanese language: dayeuh meaning capital) in two days. Sunda kingdom itself is a continuation of the Kingdom Tarumanagara in the 5th century, so this port is estimated to have been there since the 5th century and is thought to be called the capital Tarumanagara Sundapura.
In the 12th century, this port is known as a busy port of pepper. Foreign ships coming from China, Japan, South India, and the Middle East is anchored in this port carrying goods such as china, coffee, silk, fabrics, perfumes, horses, wine, and the dye in exchange for spices spices are a commodity trading time.
Jayakarta (1527-1619)
The first Europeans who came to Jakarta is the Portuguese. In the 16th century, Surawisesa, king of Sunda Portuguese assistance in Malacca to establish a fort at Sunda Kelapa as protection from possible attacks that will Cirebon secede from the Kingdom of Sunda. Efforts Surawisesa appeal to the Portuguese in Malacca is perpetuated by the Sundanese in rhyme story Mundinglaya Dikusumah seloka where Surawisesa diselokakan with a title that is Mundinglaya. But before the establishment of the fort done, Cirebon Demak assisted directly attacked the port. Sundanese people call this incident a tragedy because the attack membungihanguskan port city and killed many people there, including the Sunda sahbandar port. Determination anniversary of Jakarta on June 22 is based on the tragedy of the conquest of the port of Sunda Kalapa by Fatahillah in 1527 and changed the name of the city into Jayakarta, meaning “city of victory”.
Batavia (1619-1942)
The Dutch came to Jayakarta around the end of the 16th century, after a stopover in Jakarta in 1596. In 1619, the East India Company led by Jan Pieterszoon Coen conquered Jayakarta and later changed its name to Batavia. During the Dutch colonization, Batavia grew into large cities and important. (See Batavia). For urban development, many imported Dutch slaves as workers. Most of them come from Bali, Sulawesi, Maluku, People’s Republic of China, and the Malabar coast, India. Some argue that this is what they then form a community known as the Betawi tribe. Although before they arrived there the people living in the area of Jayakarta and generally away from the limits of Dutch territory, they were the original inhabitants of Jakarta Betawi often called tribes. While the tribes of ethnic immigrants, the Dutch kolinialisme era, forming areas of each community because the Dutch tactic “divide et impera”. So in Jakarta there are regions like the former community of Chinatown (Glodok), Kampung Ambon, Bali Mester, Manggarai (tribes in NTT), etc..
On October 9, 1740, riots in Batavia with the 5000 murder of Tionghoa. With these riots, many people ran out of Sino city and to fight against the Dutch. With the completion Koningsplein (Gambir) in the year 1818, Batavia developed to the south. Year 1910, the Dutch built the city park Menteng, and this region becomes a new place for the Dutch officials in the northern Molenvliet replace. In the early 20th century, north of Batavia, Koningspein, and Mester Cornelis (Jatinegara) has been integrated into a city.
Djakarta (1942-1972)
Colonization by Japan began in 1942 and changed the name of Batavia to Jakarta for the captivating inhabitants of World War II. The city is also the site of the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence on August 17, 1945 and occupied by the Dutch until the recognition of sovereignty in 1949.
Since declared as the capital, Jakarta residents increased very rapidly due to the labor needs of governance that almost all concentrated in Jakarta. Within 5 years the population more than two-fold. Various bags of new middle-class neighborhood then developed, such as Kebayoran Baru, Cempaka Putih, Rawamangun, and Pejompongan. Residential centers also performed independently by the various ministries and other state institutions, such as Perum Perumnas.
In the reign of Sukarno, Jakarta conduct large construction projects, among others, Bung Karno Stadium, Istiqlal Mosque, and the National Monument. At this time also the Axis Medan Merdeka-Thamrin-Sudirman started to be developed as the main business district, replacing Medan Merdeka-axis-Salemba Senen-Jatinegara. The first major settlement centers created by the private developer is Pondok Indah (by PT Pembangunan Jaya) in the late 1970s in the South Jakarta area.
The rate of population growth was never pressured by the governor attempted Ali Sadikin in the early 1970s with the declared Jakarta as a “closed city” for immigrants. This policy can not walk and forgotten in the days following the governor’s leadership. Until now, Jakarta still have to wrestle with the problems that occur due to population density, such as floods, traffic jams, and lack of public transportation is adequate.
Culture,Culinary & Populations Of Jakarta Indonesia
Jakarta as the capital of the state Republic Indonesia is the largest city and most populous in the whole Indonesia, with a population of about nine million consisting of various nations and tribes from all over Indonesia. Diversity coupled with the influence of foreign nations bear the diversity of arts and cultural patterns. Some of these areas become ever gathering place of nations, tribes, ethnic groups and different customs, language and culture of each area. Berbaurnya tribes from all over the country with other nations such as Chinese, Arabic, Turkish, Persian, English and Dutch leading to marriage between them, so there was a combination customs, culture and philosophy of life that gave birth to the cultural patterns and new procedures . Thus, since the 19th century seems an ethnic Betawi proto type. This is reflected in how the arts community and where there is the influence Betawi Arabic, Chinese, Portuguese and others.
Various Betawi traditional art can be developed and favored by the public, not only by the Betawi people. Betawi arts include Mask Lenong and broker. Both are traditional dramatic arts. Also like dance dance mask, Ondel-ondel, Ronggeng dance masks and others. Sound art and the art of music is sambrah, tambourine, xylophone Kromong, tanjidor and the like, and even there wayangpun, Betawi puppet using Melayu Betawi dialect
Mating system in the Betawi people basically follow Islamic law, to whom they may or prohibited conduct marital relationship. In searching for soul mate, both young men and women are free to choose their own spouse. Because the opportunity to meet with the candidate’s friends are not limited to life in his village, so many marriages village youngsters with people from other villages. However, the approval of parents on both sides is very important, because the parents who will help fulfill the marriage. Usually the procedure followed before the implementation of marriage is the direct introduction of young men and women, when it was a match, the young parents and parents to propose to the girl. If both parties agree, is determined to deliver the day-mating spending money that is usually delegated to others the relatives of both parties. On the appointed day, dilakukanlah wedding. The ceremony is completed, the youth returned to his parents, as well as with the girl. Some time later besanan ceremony, where the groom carried the bride’s home. With the ceremony said the rhythm of familiar rhymes, accompanied by drum rhythms and songs marhaban then groom were introduced into the house to meet the bride and sits alongside a minute, then groom stood up and joined the old people who take this . After this ceremony with the bride to follow her husband back to his house.
The composition is very diverse population of Jakarta consists of several ethnic entities that inhabit the area in DKI Jakarta (local communities) among Sundanese, Javanese, native of China and Jakarta called “Orang Betawi”. In addition to the dominant ethnic entities have large ethnic groups other communities who come from outside Jakarta such as ethnic Minangkabau, Batak, Manado and Maluku with a density of 15,000 people per square kilometer.
Although Jakarta as a cosmopolitan city, but art and culture that is rooted in ancestral traditions still maintained its existence. Art Ondel-ondel, Tanjidor, Lenong, marriage ceremonies and Khitanan still common in some parts of Jakarta, despite the presence of the traditional arts community brought by newcomers such as Kuda Lumping, Reog Ponorogo, Golek Puppet, Wayang Orang and Ketoprak.
Betawi Cultural village Situ Babakan in South Jakarta Jagakarsa Region is an area that still preserve the Betawi tradition.
At certain times held a variety of art events and ceremonies of indigenous Betawi “Bride Ngarak Circumcision”, Lenong traditional theatrical performances, musical performances and bazaars Gambang Kromong-doeloe like: Dodol Betawi, gado-gado, Nasim Uduk, vegetables and beverages Asem specific called: Beer Pletok.
Jakarta City
Bunderan HI Sudirman, Jakarta – Evening Cruise
Jakarta Tourism Office:
Jl. K.H. Abdul Rahman No. 2
Kuningan Barat, Jakarta
Phone: +62-21-5209689, 5209571
Fax: +62-21-52052155, 5209677
Jakarta Post Newspaper
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